A Brief History of Critical Thinking

1. Shamans, Seers, and Sacred Geometry
– Defining critical thinking
– Abstraction & conceptualization
– Reason in tribal life
– The dawn of civilization
– Critical thought before Socrates
– Myths and legends of knowledge-bearers
2. The Life Examined
– The Socratic Method
– Aristotle & early science
– The scope of formal logic
– The art of deduction
– The Logos in the pagan world
– Neo-Platonism and the rise of Christianity
3. Life in the Dark
– The Liberal Arts
Logos, Neo-Platonism, and Augustine
– Charlemagne, Alcuin, and the state school
– Scholasticism
The Metalogicon of John of Salisbury
– The functions of Medieval education
4. Agora Underground
– A new worldview for the Renaissance
– The Logos of Leonardo da Vinci
– Francis Bacon and his method of inquiry
– The Scientific Revolution & the Age of Enlightenment
– Ben Franklin and the symbiosis of science and liberty
– Liberal Arts vs. “Liberal” Education
5. Uniting the Polis with Kevin Cole
– The Enlightenment rejection of the Liberal Arts
– The American ideal of independent education
– The Liberal Arts and imperialism
– Artificial culture via the Liberal Arts
– Limiting critical thought in the modern era
– How to do independent critical research
6. A Critical Look at Thinking
– Review of Critical Thinking Methods
– “Eat the meat, spit out the bones”
– Applying Critical Thought
– Defining terms
– Conscious Conceptualization
– Tools for future episodes